Renewable energies
Title page of the handouts of my lecture
Since 1979, I present to the students the lecture "Utilization of
renewable energies", for free to choose, during the 7th semester,
within the plan of study.
Attending the lecture there exists a 110-page script.
Exam is an one hour written examination paper.
Abstract
Generals
Energy units and conversion factors
World population and energy demands
Density of population and energy carrier distribution
Quantities of energy resources
Energy dependencies of different countries
Catch-words
in relation to energy questions: nuclear energy,
acid rain, CO2 problem, ozone gap, covering with buildings, insulation
against loss of heat
energy balance
of Germany, primary energy balance, energy
conversion balance, final energy consuption, energy flow chart
Energy saving 
Automobiles, house heating, lighting, electric household appliances
Heatpump
freezing mixture, gas/oil heatpump,
ground/underground water/atmosphere
Synopsis on renewable energy sources
Geothermal energy 
Globe shell
structure, anomalies, geothermal echelonment in depth, survey wordwide
of promising sites, special sites (Hungary, Italy, India, Japan, USA,
Island), isothermal lines in Germany (communities Landau, Urach, Bühl),
project deep borehole Windischeschenbach, dry-hot-rock-technique,
geothermal energy potential worldwide and in Germany
Solar energy 
Potential theoretical,
spectrum analysis, solar insolation angle,
time behavior of solar radiation
(diurnal variation, annual progress),
global radiation,
attenuation mechanism of direct solar radiation (absorption, Rayleigh-scattering,
aerosol, factors of turbidity),
diffuse sky-radiation
duration of sunshine in Germany,
low temperature collector (types of construction, efficiency)
concentrating collectors (types of construction, concentration ratio,
solar-chutes and solar-tower-plants (Almeria),
photovoltaic, solarcells (materials, types of construction, efficiencies,
examples of recent build solarfarms),
space-solar-power-stations,
Windenergy 
Potential theoretical,
windspeed distribution (isovent lines world, europe, Germany, state of
Baden-Württemberg),
windspeed measurement, windspeed above ground,
questions to site selection (obstacles)
windenergy-converter-typology (position of axis, tip speed ratio, lift/drag forces
as reaction force), special systems, historical systems,
theory of wind utilization, diagram powercoefficient versus tip speed ratio,
working range of windenergy converters,
types of construction of rotorblades for amateurs, industrial types of
construction
history of GROWIAN,
windparks and windfarms,
yield results in kWh.
Ocean energy
Tidal energy:
Formation of tides, areas with sufficient tidal range worldwide,
potential worldwide, scheme of a tidal power plant (example
Rance-mouth France (St. Malo/Dinard)),
possibilities of harmonization of energy output.
Heat transfer energy: 
Areas with large differences in temperature (deep water/surface water), open and closed
process systems, sweet water production, presentation of projects.
Wave energy:
Wave energy utilization in general, evaluation of the energy content of waves,
distribution of height of waves worldwide,
proposed projects and erected projects,
(buoy systems, plate-systems, chamber-types, nodding duck)
Marine Current: 
Golfstream, strait of Gibraltar.
Glacial energy:
worlds glaciers, greenland,
antarctic, potential theoretical of utilizing melted snow and ice.
Biomass 
,
Produktivity and powerdensity of the vegetation period,
agricultural areas in Germany,
transformation processes (combustion, pyrolysis, fermentation, grinding and refining),
energy of sugar-cane (alcohol), energy of sugar-beet, biogas of liquid manure,
energy of wastes and garbage.
doerner@ifb.uni-stuttgart.de
Since 24th mars 1997